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Women fight back: Romancing the Stone

I grew up in the Midwest in the 1950s and ’60s. At that time violence against women was so ordinary that a gangbang (as in a group of men having sex with one woman) was just something guys did — not all of them, not by a long shot, but it wasn’t something to hide, even if the young woman had been raped, unless you happened to be that woman (because she must have been ‘asking for it’ — why else would she be alone with a bunch of guys?). A woman who ‘pulled a train’, willingly or not, was called a ‘hog’ — the same word bikers used for their Harleys, only the connotation was negative, not neutral. Date rape wasn’t even a blip on the radar — not that it didn’t happen, but there were no words for it. No one talked much about domestic violence, either; having an abusive husband was regarded as bad luck or a woman making a poor choice, even while women had very little choice — no legal rights over their own bodies if they got pregnant, since abortion was illegal, no battered women’s shelters, few job opportunities (teaching or nursing if you could afford that level of education; secretarial work; otherwise waitressing, housekeeping, retail, or factory work were about it [in urban areas, anyway]), and forget equal pay for equal work, or good, affordable childcare. Meanwhile, movies presented women as damsels in distress, to be rescued or not, if they were foolish enough to wander around at night alone, or unfortunate enough to be caught by a bad guy. Even after the rebirth of feminism in the late ’60s women continued to be portrayed as victims, and that portrayal was presented as ‘normal’, which was a form of violence in itself. If we learn from the stories we are told and the images we see (laying down neural pathways in the brain), then movies until then had taught women how to be terrorized and helpless in the face of danger, how to be hurt or killed without putting up a fight.250px-Romancing_the_stone

The first movie I saw that showed a woman fighting back and winning was Romancing the Stone, which came out in 1984.* I mean fighting back and winning physically; right now I’m not interested in the spiritual work of forgiveness, but the visceral thrill of revenge. Diane Thomas wrote the screenplay, about a romance writer in NYC named Joan Wilder (played by Kathleen Turner) who goes to Colombia to rescue her kidnapped sister, and encounters perilous adventures like the ones she’s been writing about in her wildly popular books.

Romantic comedy; but at the climactic scene no one is laughing. Joan Wilder is lying on her back on a wooden grating over a crocodile pit and the villainous Colonel Molo — with a lit cigar between his teeth and a bleeding stump where his hand used to be — is on top of her, holding her down and ready to commit murder. Even one-handed he has her pinned; she can’t reach the stick of wood that is the only weapon in sight. Joan is hoping that Jack (her hero, played by Michael Douglas) will save her, but he can’t get up the stone wall to where she is; he’ll never reach her in time. Below her the crocodile thrashes his tail — having had a taste of the bad guy (Molo’s hand), the crocodile wants more. (A lot like Captain Hook, which makes Joan the Peter Pan of this story.) As Molo snarls and leans toward Joan, the lit cigar getting closer to her eyes, she suddenly yanks the cigar out of his mouth, turns it around, and stabs the lit end into his face. He rears back screaming; she flips over sideways, grabs the stick of wood, and smacks his bloody stump hard. Howling, he turns, falls, and breaks through the wooden grating, down to where the crocodile waits.

This wasn’t the end of the movie, but it was definitely the high point. When I first saw the film nearly every woman in the audience was leaning forward and shouting encouragement to Joan, something like, “Hit him! Kill him! YES.”

It was one of those great movie moments. (Interesting that the studio thought the movie would bomb.) Asking around later, I found that every woman I knew had had that same response — total adrenaline rush, followed by laughter. Not embarrassed laughter, but delighted laughter. Because it was about fucking time.

*There have been other movies before that time to show women fighting back and winning. The movie version of Modesty Blaise came out in 1966, and there had been women TV characters, like Emma Peel, who could take down male opponents. But the Modesty movie was ‘an outrageous spoof’ and Mrs. Peel was spy-fi; they were fantastical. You couldn’t identify with them any more than a man could identify with 007 or Dr. Who. Also, I’m not a film buff, so while there may have been an earlier ‘ordinary’ woman who fought back and won, this will only be about what I noticed in my own ‘ordinary’ movie-watching.

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Fantasy booklist: women warriors

Some women warriors.

51evljSGbFLJessica Amanda Salmonson‘s Tomoe Gozen trilogy tells the legendary history of a famous woman samurai from the 12th-13th century, in an alternate universe Japan called Naipon where all the fantastical and mythical creatures (like dragons and demons and ghosts) are real. Best read in order: *Tomoe Gozen, *The Golden Naginata, and Thousand Shrine Warrior.

Robin McKinley‘s early books are about young women who become warriors due to fate and necessity; the books also feature strong equine (The Hero and the Crown, The Blue Sword) and/or canine characters. Although *The Outlaws of Sherwood (a re-telling of the Robin Hood legend with a reluctant hero and some unruly, can’t-keep-em-down women) has neither horses nor dogs in main roles, it kicks ass.

McKinley’s Deerskin is based on a little-retold fairy tale about rape and incest, in which the ‘warrior’s’ struggle is to escape, survive, and speak out. (Some very good dog characters in this book.)

In Sunshine, the story of a baker turned vampire-killer and her vampire friend, McKinley moves away from YA and classic fantasy.

In Chalice, a very original fantasy world is built around the importance of humans staying in connection with the land, and the woman beekeeper who restores that connection in a besieged and damaged country. (A different kind of ‘warrior’, but since we’re on McKinley…)

UnknownJo Clayton’s Duel of Sorcery trilogy is about Serroi, woman warrior and magician, a ‘misborn of the windrunners’ who was abandoned by her people and raised by a powerful wizard named Ser Noris. Throughout her childhood the wizard used her  affection for him to harness her magic for his own ends. (The puppies she befriended were turned into demon-dogs, for instance.) The trilogy – Moongather, Moonscatter, and Changer’s Moon – follows Serroi’s escape from Ser Noris, her training and life as a warrior and a mage, to her final confrontation with the wizard. (Best read in order, hard to find but saw some on Amazon.)

Tamora Pierce‘s Tortall has many women warriors, including Keladry and Alanna; the ‘dog’ (cop) Beka Cooper (see earlier post); Aly, a master spy and revolutionary (who is more of a strategist, but can certainly fight) in Trickster’s Choice and Trickster’s Queen; Dane the wild mage who can transform into and speak with animals; and so on.

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Fantasy booklist: utopias

Some utopias. 

511OorCJ6XLStarhawk’s *The Fifth Sacred Thing is about a not-so-far-in the future California where water is scarce and the earth, air, and ocean are poisoned. San Francisco is a Pagan utopia where everyone works together and no one starves; a place of Witches and magic, run by consensus, and defended by nine old women who dream strong (you got to love it). And people still don’t always get along. Meanwhile “Angel City” (LA), is run by the Stewards and Millenialists, who rant about ‘purity’, are racist, sexist, and homophobic, and own all the water, which is how they control the populace. The story opens when Bird, a musician who went South to shut down a nuclear power plant, ‘wakes up’ in prison with ten years of his life gone; and Madrone, a healer, chases the virus that is causing an epidemic to the spirit world, to fight it there, out of sheer desperation. The story follows these two characters, the parts they play in events leading up to LA’s attack on SF,  and their struggle to embody the fifth sacred thing. (Click on author’s name for info about the movie and Starhawk’s other books.)

51qsLKSnZyLDorothy Bryant‘s, *The Kin of Ata are Waiting for You, is a self-published science fiction classic about a utopian community somewhere in this world. The story is told from the point of view of a dissipated, famous thriller writer who finds himself miraculously transported to the island of Ata after a car accident and a murder. (Click on her name for bio and Bryant’s other books.)

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Fantasy booklist: pity & terror

515Lw3Ukz2LWas it Kate Wilhelm who said that all ghost stories are about family? Both of the following books are beautifully written page-turners. Avoid if you’re prone to nightmares.

Was, by Geoff Ryman, is a  retelling of The Wizard of Oz and what really happened to that little girl who was dumped onto her relatives, and had to live on a hardscrabble farm in Kansas. The Wicked Witch of the West and Auntie Em are the same person.

Octavia Butler’s Kindred moves back and forth between 1976 California and early-nineteenth century Maryland as Dana, a black woman, is pulled back in time to save the life of one of her ancestors, a feckless white boy named Rufus. As the boy becomes a man he continues to be at risk, and Dana keeps being pulled back to the antebellum south to save him. A book that Butler called “grim fantasy”. Written without any bombast, it’s as chilling as those three violins in the Psycho soundtrack.

As usual, click on the author’s name for more information about the writer and his or her books.

 

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Fantasy booklist: not on a map

Not on any map. Where many fantasy novels feature maps – of Middle Earth, or Earthsea, or simply The Kingdom – magical realism removes the reader from the mundane world without going into a specific otherworldly realm. Instead, the story plays out in one of those liminal spaces between here and there — between waking and dreaming, or proof and belief. Sometimes the author says straight out that the place is not on any map; sometimes (as in the case of Verity or Edgewood), the place-name is a clue.

51QjAAROLBLGloria Naylor‘s *Mama Day is set on the island of Willow Springs, off the coast of Georgia and South Carolina, a place that does not belong to either state, but to itself. The book follows life on the island as Mama Day, healer and conjure woman, sees it; her granddaughter Cocoa’s life in New York City, in the alternating voices of Cocoa and George, the man who becomes her husband; and what happens when George and Cocoa come to visit, and two world-views meet.

Bailey’s Café takes place in NYC and/or limbo, with linked stories about Bailey and his wife, and how they came to run the cafe, and the regulars at Bailey’s cafe, those out-of-luck people who find the place because they need to.

John Crowley’s *Little, Big is one of those mindbenders of fantasy fiction, about Daily Alice Drinkwater, her family and community, and their home in Edgewood, which is not on any map (but feels like a small town in western Massachusetts). Told from the point of view of Smoky Barnable, the man who marries Daily Alice, about what happens to the family and to time and space in Edgewood and in ‘The City’ (NYC). Although Little, Big is about fairies, they are only seen out of the corner of the reader’s eye.

Alice Hoffman writes what I think of as New England or East Coast magical realism, although in *Turtle Moon she does the same magic-making for Florida. Verity is a small town filled with divorced single mothers from up north; when one of them gets murdered and two children — the dead woman’s year-old daughter, and Keith, “the meanest boy in town” — go missing at the same time, Keith’s mother and a haunted cop set out to find the children before the killer does. *The Probable Future is about three generations of women who each have a gift: the grandmother can tell when someone is lying; the daughter can dream other people’s dreams; and Stella, the grandchild, can see how people will die. The story opens with Stella turning 13 and coming into her ‘gift’, which takes her right into the path of a killer, and Stella’s flight from Boston to her grandmother’s house in small town New England. Both of these books feature murders, so contain aspects of a mystery or thriller, but catching a killer isn’t the point; staying (being) alive is the point. Hoffman’s The River King and The Blue Diary also are about murders but with more focus on the killers, their victims, and the people who knew them.

Click on author’s name for bios and their (many) books.

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Fantasy booklist: Cinderellas

There are lots of fairy tale retellings in fantasy fiction; here are some Cinderellas. For websites and other books, click on author’s name.

519YRT1J5GLMercedes Lackey’s Cinderella story, Phoenix and Ashes, is part of her Elemental Masters series (about magicians of the four elements of earth, air, water, and fire). Here the wicked stepmother is an Earth mage gone to the bad, the ‘prince’ is a wounded WWI fighter pilot and an Air mage so haunted by the war he can’t use his magic, and Eleanor, the Cinderella, is an untaught Fire master kept in thrall by her own little finger, that her stepmother cut off and buried beneath the hearth. With no one alive to teach her except her dead mother’s herbalist friend (the godmother), and barely able to leave the house, Eleanor learns her art by traveling in visions through the Fool’s journey in the Tarot deck.

Two plain and unmagical Cinderellas:

Then there’s Anne McCaffery‘s books about a scapegoated young girl who is a brilliant musician, living on a faraway world (called Pern) that dragons keep safe: *Dragonsong and its sequel Dragonsinger. Menolley is good with animals (the wild fire lizards that are related to dragons), and a great distance runner; but she is skinny and plain (often gets mistaken for a boy, which she isn’t trying to do), and her social skills are stunted. This doesn’t keep her from having amazing adventures in her quest to find a place to make her music.

41VKA9QJ10LFor a completely different take on being bullied and going for what you want anyway, there’s Tamora Pierce’s *Protector of the Small quartet – First Test, Page, Squire, and Lady Knight — about Keladry, a girl who trains to be a knight in a land where women warriors are rare. One great thing about these is that, unlike Pierce’s other woman warrior, Alanna (who has her own quartet), Kel has no magical powers to fall back on, although, like Menolly, she is good with animals and gets their help. Kel achieves her knighthood through her own brains, determination, and sense of justice.

Which, while we’re at it, is why *The Huntress was such a wonderful comic. She was the B side of the Marvel Wonder Woman comics (written by Paul Levitz, Joe Staton, and Bob Layton) back in the late 1970s and early ‘80s. The Huntress is Batman’s daughter – lawyer Helena Wayne by day, a different kind of crime-fighter at night. No magic bracelets or invisible plane for her, The Huntress makes do by being smart as a whip, a tricky, strong fighter, and what repartee! (Not Cinderella, despite orphan status. Click on The Huntress link above for a great blog about the Helena Wayne version of the Huntress.)

Each author mentioned above is extremely prolific; each has written a series of books set in another world: Lackey’s world is Valdemar, McCaffery’s is the planet Pern, and Tamora Pierce’s is Tortall. (Lackey and Pierce also each have crime-buster heroines; Lackey’s is about an occult P.I., Pierce’s is about a young woman who works as a cop – a “dog” – in a tough part of a city in Tortall. (See Terrier, Bloodhound, etc.) If you click on the author’s name, you’ll go to her website and be able to browse.

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Fantasy booklist: American Southwest authors

Some authors from the American southwest. For websites and other books, click on author’s name.

610Y-M8z8FLOn another note entirely, Barry Hughart’s *Bridge of Birds is about an ‘ancient China that never was’, a sage with ‘a slight flaw in his character’, his assistant, Number Ten Ox, and their quest to save the comatose children of Ox’s village and solve the mystery of the lost princess of birds. This is the first in a series of mysteries about the sage Li Kao, Number Ten Ox, and the occult mysteries they solve.

Evangeline Walton retold some of the lesser known stories from The Mabinogion (ancient Welsh): The Island of the Mighty; The Children of Llyr; *The Song of Rhiannon; and The Prince of Annwn. She wrote in the 1940s-50s but her books didn’t do well until they were reissued in the 1970s. She is a total word magician; her books are evocative, simply written, psychologically astute, bringing a mythical past alive. Just discovered: she wrote two books about Theseus, but didn’t even try to publish them during her lifetime, because that other magician of bringing the past to life, Mary Renault, had just published her Theseus books. (See earlier post.)

Nancy Farmer, *The House of the Scorpion, about a boy who lives in the American southwest, which has become a country called Opium, who is the clone of a 130 year old drug lord.

Also A Girl Named Disaster, about a young African orphan about to be married off to a middle-aged man with 3 other wives. She runs away instead, aided by her grandmother, as well as spirits, baboons, and a leopard, to find another kind of family.

She’s also got a new one out, adult fantasy/s.f. called A New Year’s Tale, about a near future where there’s no social security or Medicare, and the government is trying to get rid of its old people, which is making the ancestors (spirits) truly pissed off. I can’t wait to read this one.

 

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Fantasy booklist: some Englishmen

Some Englishmen. To see websites and other books, click on author’s name.

51Y2rs8yjWLTerry Pratchett is funny, as in laugh out loud goofy (the gods of the Discworld live in a place called Dunmanifestin), as well as …how you say…satirical. It takes me awhile to get satire. So no surprise I started with Nation, which doesn’t take place on Discworld, but in an alternate 19th century South Pacific island world. Nation is about what happens to a shipwrecked English girl and a boy who is the sole survivor of his village after a tsunami; how they learn to communicate and take care of the people who wash up on their shores. Nation is more heroic fantasy than Discworld, but without swords and spells. Although there is one battle, Nation is much more about what Le Guin calls “how we harvested the wild oats”. (See her essays in Dancing on the Edge of the World.) It’s about the way societies are built and grow, outside of A Big Fight. It’s a beautiful book, and if I’d had it for more than a few years would rate the * that means it’s now falling apart.

On to Discworld: Pratchett’s female characters are full of what my grandmama called ‘piss and vinegar’ – from the witches in Wyrd Sisters, Witches Abroad, The Wee Free Men, Hat Full of Sky, to the runaway girls and women, the female troll, vampire, and Igor in Monstrous Regiment, to Adora Belle, even though she’s only got a bit part in Going Postal and Making Money. (The con man turned post office director Moist von Lipwig is not only nuts about Adora Belle, he needs her around because she’s so scary. Without her he nearly reverts to his criminal ways, just to get the adrenaline pumping.)

Like Angela Carter, Pratchett notices a naked Emperor (and then points out the lack of clothing in a loud voice).

His Dark Materials Trilogy, by Philip Pullman: *The Golden Compass, The Subtle Knife, The Amber Spyglass

Because these went into film you may know what they’re about: amazing parallel universe worlds, and what happens when the barriers between them are breached. The first book begins in an alternate Oxford, where everyone has a daemon – an animal whose soul is linked to their human’s. The animal changes shape throughout an individual’s childhood but settles on one shape around puberty. For instance, the scary villainess’s daemon is a golden monkey, a sailor has a seabird daemon, while the protagonist Lyra’s daemon can be a bird, a mouse, a tiger, a moth. There’s also a polar bear who is deposed bear royalty and a drunk; a cowboy parachutist; zeppelins, witches, gypsies, and scholars. And that’s only the first book. In the second book, there is also a boy from our world whose father has disappeared, and whose mother has gone a little crazy with fear of the shadowy men who are after them.

Pullman also wrote The Sally Lockheart Quartet, which he describes as Victorian thrillers, that feature a smart young woman making her way on her own.

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Fantasy booklist: some Englishwomen

Some Englishwomen. The English are great at fantasy. They also review their fantasy authors’ books in the London Times. 

Angela Carter wrote many collections of short stories, including retellings of fairytales, that are dark, definitely adult reading, like The Bloody Chamber and Other Stories (which includes a Bluebeard story), but my favorite is her last novel, which is very bright: *Wise Children, about the twins Dora and Nora Chance, ‘who love to sing and dance’, and are the illegitimate daughters of a famous Shakespearean actor. The novel follows their picaresque life, first in vaudeville, later in movies, as told by Dora. (I call this ‘fantasy’ because of its tone – but maybe it’s ‘fabulist’?) And Nights at the Circus, about a 6 foot tall cockney trapeze artist at the turn of the century (last one, not this one, so early 1900s) who has wings, and goes on tour in Russia.

Also, Shaking a Leg, a compilation of her essays and journalism, is one of those books that has something interesting to read no matter where you open it. Carter was one of those acute observers who noticed a naked Emperor. Click on her name for her biography (1940-1992), and links to other articles about her plays, articles, and many other books.

51oOJm4QBwLTanith Lee does hard-core adult fantasy, as well as light-hearted YA, as well as horror. Her *Flat Earth Series (5 or 6 books) is wonderful and a bit creepy, like an X-rated Arabian Nights (as when one of the Lords of Darkness steals an infant boy as his mother is dying in childbirth, because the infant looks like he’ll grow up to be pretty.) The Lords of Darkness include Death, the Demon, Madness (or Delirium, Delusion), and Fate (or Destiny), who appear as people, and have linked stories that intersect throughout the series. One book about the Demon’s daughter (Delirium’s Mistress) is more like a novel, following the fortunes and misfortunes of the daughter, her love affair with Madness, over centuries of life. This series and many of Lee’s other stories have an undercurrent of spiritual awe based on Eastern philosophy; they take reincarnation for granted, along with the working out of karma over many lifetimes, and the potential for good and evil in each character. Even the Demon is not simply dark; he has another side, but in some way it is up to his daughter to live out both sides fully. (Lee’s Lords of Darkness predated the Sandman comics; I like the way Neil Gaiman took inspiration from her, and that his Death did not appear as a man but as a young woman.)

Lee is prolific, so just some favorites (I’m skipping the horror because I can’t manage the scary stuff): a collection of short stories called *Tamastara, or The Indian Nights, magical events in past, present, and future Indias; a book of linked short stories plus novella about the adventures of *Cyrion, a swordfighting, nomadic Sherlock Holmes in an alternate historical Middle East that is rife with sorcery; *The Silver Metal Lover, about a poor little rich girl in a futuristic world who falls in love with a musician android sex toy; Sabella, about a young woman who is a Martian colonist and a vampire; and Saint Fire, a retelling of Joan of Arc in a medieval, alternate-world Venice, about a slave who can make fire come through her fingers. Lee is good at toppling reader expectations – she turns on a dime. Click on her name for a link to a Guardian UK blog post about her many, wonderful, underappreciated (and under the radar) books.

Doris Lessing also made forays into science fiction/fantasy, some stiff, some transcendent. One book was almost a fable, *The Marriages Between Zones 3, 4, and 5. A page-turner, with vivid characters and other worlds (the zones), despite the cumbersome title. Click on her name for a link to a site that has a bio, a list of all of her books, etc.

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Fantasy booklist: getting started

This is the main genre not to fear – fantasy, with the et al. including science fiction (s.f.), speculative and fabulist fiction, magical realism, fairytales, and young adult (YA) and children’s fantasy-type fiction. There are a lot of names because there are so many ‘unrealistic’ stories told. For commentary on how the literary establishment, and many readers, regards these kinds of stories, and alternate ways to look at them ‘critically’ (as in, ‘thoughtfully’), try Ursula Le Guin’s essays in The Language of the Night, especially the chapter called “Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons?” (This essay is from 1979, so it’s the state of the art pre-Harry Potter; things have changed somewhat since then, at least insofar as money-making, but fantasy and its et al. is still looked down on as frivolous escapism. For Le Guin’s other literary criticism, see Dancing on the Edge of the World, and The Wave in the Mind.)

This list was compiled over the years for friends who had not tried fantasy or science fiction and were curious. I’ve marked my own favorites with an *. All books with an * have been read so often they are held together with tape and rubber bands.

*The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien is so obvious it needs no explanation, but it was the first adult fantasy I read, and, like the Beatles’ song “I Wanna Hold Your Hand”, it changed my life. In this case it opened up my reading universe.

*The Master and Margarita, by Mikhail Bulgakov. Banned in the Soviet Union for decades, the story of what happens when the devil comes to Moscow in the 1930s – and the only people who know who he is are a man who has written a novel about Pontius Pilate (and been reviled by the literary establishment, and driven crazy, because of it), and his mistress Margarita.

*Ursula Le Guin wrote a book about a young wizard named Ged and his schooling called *A Wizard of Earthsea, the first fantasy I was able to go into completely post-Tolkien. It was followed by *The Tombs of Atuan, which brought Tenar into the story, a young woman who had been taken as a child to be priestess of the tombs that Ged has come to rob. The last book is called The Farthest Shore, about death and what happens to those who try to avoid it.

OtherWindA decade or so later, Le Guin went back to Earthsea and wrote three more books about it, following up on the story of Tenar and Ged in Tehanu. Le Guin  re-tells Earthsea’s history (and develops it) in The Other Wind and Tales from Earthsea, taking the point of view of the conquered and the hidden, to give a different version of what began as a boys-only club.

Some of her science fiction:

*The Lathe of Heaven, about a man in an overcrowded ‘future’ whose dreams come true and change reality, and the unscrupulous shrink who is trying to ‘cure’ him. A good intro to science fiction and Le Guin.

*The Dispossessed is about a temporal physicist named Shevek (who comes up with the theory behind the ‘ansible’, a future artifact that many other s.f. writers simply adopted once Le Guin’s character figured out instantaneous transmission between two spots vastly distant in space). Shevek lives on a planet where there is no money, and everyone is taken care of, and there are still power plays (!); to share his theory he has to travel to the corrupt and iniquitous planet that is more like ours (except in better shape).

The Left Hand of Darkness, about a world in an ice age, where everyone is neuter except for a week each ‘month’, when they become either male or female, so everyone can be either sex (the father of one child can be the mother of another). A planetary ambassador who is a man from a sort of interstellar UN, is at risk (his mission and his life) when political factions use him for their own ends, but the story is really about his friendship with a native wo/man, the difficulties they have in communicating across different cultures, what it means to trust and befriend ‘the other’.

*The Orsinian Tales, linked short stories about a parallel universe/Eastern European country.

Always Coming Home, an anthropological look at northern California in the far future.

And more…these are just a quick sample.